This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the First International Conference on Test and Proofs, TAP 2007, held in Zurich, Switzerland in February 2007. The 12 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in the book. The papers are devoted to the convergence of software proofing and testing and feature current research work that combines ideas from both sides to foster software quality. Topics addressed are generation of test cases or oracles by theorem proving, constraint logic programming, model checking, or symbolic execution; program proving with the aid of testing techniques; automatic tools; case studies; formal frameworks; as well as verification techniques combining proofs and tests.