While the Civil War of 1936-39 dominated Spain's twentieth-century history, the country's bloody division into left and right had its roots in the events of the Napoleonic era. This work presents 76 documents to trace the history of Spain as it struggled for political and social stability and justice through the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

While the Civil War of 1936-39 dominated Spain's twentieth-century history, the country's fateful and bloody division into left and right had its roots in the events of the Napoleonic era. In "Modern Spain: A Documentary History", the first broad-ranging collection in English of writings from this entire period, Jon Cowans presents 76 documents to trace the history of Spain as it struggled for political and social stability and justice through the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.Beginning with Napoleon's occupation of Spain in 1808, the selections include decrees of the liberal Cadiz Cortes of 1810-14, an 1841 plea for the revival of the Catalan culture and language, an 1873 anarchist manifesto, an 1892 argument for the education of women, a Basque nationalist's 1895 diatribe against Spaniards, Jose Ortega y Gasset's Invertebrate Spain, General Francisco Franco's 1936 manifesto and his 1940 letter to Hitler, the Spanish bishops' 1950 press release on immorality and indecency in the mass media, King Juan Carlos' speech on the attempted coup d'etat of 1981, and a 1999 report by SOS Racismo on immigration and xenophobia in contemporary Spain.Covering political, cultural, social, and economic history, "Modern Spain: A Documentary History" provides a valuable opportunity to explore the history of Spain through primary sources from the Second Republic, the Civil War, and the Franco dictatorship, as well as from the period of Spain's profound transformation following the ascension of King Juan Carlos in 1975.

Introduction 1. Joachim Murat, Report on the Madrid Revolt (1808)2. Napoleon Bonaparte, Message to the Spaniards (1808)3. Calls to Arms (1808) 4. Decrees of the Cadiz Cortes (1810-1814)5. Diego Munoz Torrero, On Freedom of the Press (1810)6. The Congress of Venezuela, Declaration of Independence (1811)7. The 1812 Constitution 8. Ferdinand VII, Declaration on the Constitution (1814)9. Army Proclamation of 182010. Ferdinand VII, Manifesto of October 1, 182311. The Carlist Movement (1833)12. Joaquim Rubio y Ors, The Catalan Renaixenca (1841)13. Fernando Garrido, On Communism (1848) 14. Juan Donoso Cortes, On Religion and Liberty (1849)15. Liberal Principles (1868-1869)16. El Estado Catalan, On Federalism (1870)17. Justo Zaragoza, On Slavery in the Spanish Antilles (1872)18. The Alcoy Federation, An Anarchist Manifesto (1873)19. Clarin, Hunger in Andalusia (1883)20. Valenti Almirall, Spain Such as It Is (1887)21. Emilia Pardo Bazan, The Education of Men and Women (1892)22. Pablo Iglesias, The Social Revolution (1892)23. La Epoca, "Anarchist Attack in Barcelona" (1893)24. Enric Prat de la Riba, Compendium of Catalanist Doctrine (1894)25. Sabino de Arana, "What Are We?" (1895)26. Francisco Silvela, "Without a Pulse" (1898)27. Pablo Iglesias, "Our Bourgeoisie" (1898)28. The Army and the Catalans (1905)29. Alejandro Lerroux, "Rebels, Rebels!" (1906)30. The Tarrasa Manifesto (1909) 31. Spanish Bishops, Against the Existence of the Secular Schools (1909) . 32. Miryam, "Anticlerical Women: What We Want" (1910) 33. Julian Juderias, The Black Legend (1914). 34. Program of the National Association of Spanish Women (1918) 35. Jose Ortega y Gasset, Invertebrate Spain (1922)36. Miguel Primo de Rivera, The Barcelona Manifesto (1923)37. Platform of the Patriotic Union (1928)38. Alfonso XIII, Message of Renunciation (1931) 39. Spanish Bishops, On the Proposed Constitution (1931)40. Manuel Azana, "Spain Has Ceased to Be Catholic" (1931)41. Parliamentary Debate on Women's Suffrage (1931)42. The 1931 Constitution 43. Fernando de los Rios, The Republican Education Program (1937)44. La Pasionaria, "From Childhood to Maturity" (1966)45. Artists' Statements (1931-1934)46. El Debate, "A Large Catholic Majority" (1933)47. Jose Antonio Primo de Rivera, Ideas of the Falange (1934)48. Conservatives on Women and Feminism (1932, 1933, 1935)49. El Socialista, On the Victory of the Popular Front (1936)50. Francisco Franco, Manifesto of July 18, 193651. Ideological Struggles of the Left (1936, 1937)52. Decree Closing Religious Institutions (1936)53. Germany and the Spanish Civil War (1936-1937)54. British Parliamentary Debates on Spain (1937)55. Spanish Bishops, On the War in Spain (1937)56. George Orwell, Homage to Catalonia (1938)57. Francisco Franco, Letter to Hitler (1940)58. Francisco Franco, Laureate Cross Acceptance Speech (1940)59. The Nationalist Movement, Law of Syndical Organization (1940)60. Jose Rodriguez Vega, Impressions of Franco's Spain (1943)61. The United States and Franco's Spain, 1945-195462. Spanish Bishops, On Criticism, Propaganda, and Publicity (1950)63. Law of the Fundamental Principles of the Nationalist Movement (1958)64. Pilar Primo de Rivera, On the Rights of Working Women (1961)65. Luis Bunuel, On Viridiana (1962)66. Dionisio Ridruejo, On Resistance to Franco (1962)67. The Nationalist Movement, The Woman in the New Society (1963)68. The Abbot of Montserrat, "The Regime Calls Itself Christian" (1963)69. ETA Communiques (1970, 1973)70. Women's Liberation Front, Founding Manifesto (1976)71. The 1978 Constitution72. Spanish Reflections on Franco (1979)73. King Juan Carlos, Speech on the Coup d'Etat (1981)74. Felipe Gonzalez, Interview on the NATO Referendum (1986)75. La Mesa de Ajuria Enea, Response to ETA (1997)76. SOS Racismo, Annual Report on Racism in the Spanish State (1999 BibliographyIndex