This study explores the complex military issues that are raised by the transition to post-communist rule with particular reference to Russia, Ukraine, Bulgaria, and the new members of NATO.

The end of communist rule changed political systems across central and eastern Europe. It also changed the relations between the armed forces and society, as each of the countries looked for its own solution to the problem of democratic control at a time of shrinking budgets and a changing international environment. Drawing on the contributions of practitioners from the region as well as scholars, this study explores the complex military issues that are raised by the transition to postcommunist rule with particular reference to Russia, Bulgaria, and the three new members of NATO: the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland. All faced with similar problems, their responses, it emerges, are surprisingly diverse.

Civil-military relations in the new democracies, Chris Donnelly
legal, political and budgetary aspects of civilian control of the military in Russia, Yuri A. Ivanov
the Russian Armed Forces - failed reform attempts and creeping regionalization, Pavel K. Baev
marching to a different drum? Political orientations and nationalism in Russia's Armed Forces, Sven Gunnar Simonsen
civil-democratic control of Ukraine's Armed Forces - to what end? By what means?, James Sherr
the implications of NATO expansion for civil-military relations in Hungary, Zolan Szenes
the politics and finance of civil-military reform in the Czech Republic, Tomas Zipfel
military
reform and budgeting for defence in Bulgaria (1989-2000), Dimitar Dimitrov
corruption among security personnel in Central and Eastern Europe, Anton Bebler.