The IAEA has the specific statutory function within the UN system of establishing standards of safety for the protection of health against exposure to ionizing radiation. As part of this mandate, the IAEA has issued Regulations for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Material, and has also established the Transport Safety Appraisal Service (TranSAS) to carry out, at the request of States, appraisals of the implementation of these regulations. The IAEA carried out such an appraisal in Brazil in April 2002. The appraisal addressed all relevant transport activities in Brazil, both domestic and international, for all modes of transport. This report summarizes the findings of the five independent experts who participated in the appraisal.